The ruling marks the third time the nation’s highest court has preserved Obamacare since it was enacted in 2010.
The United States Supreme Court has dismissed a challenge to the Obama-era healthcare law, preserving insurance coverage for millions of Americans.
The justices left the entire law intact in a ruling on Thursday which found that the state of Texas, other Republican-led states and two individuals had no right to bring their lawsuit in federal court.
The law’s key provisions include protections for people with pre-existing health conditions, a range of no-cost preventive services and the expansion of the Medicaid programme that insures lower-income people, including those who work in jobs that do not pay much or provide health insurance.
Also left in place is the law’s now-toothless requirement that people have health insurance or pay a penalty. The US Congress rendered that provision irrelevant in 2017 when it reduced the penalty to zero.
US President Barack Obama speaking about the Affordable Care Act during a visit to Miami Dade College in Miami, Florida [File: Kevin Lamarque/Reuters]
The 7-2 ruling authored by liberal Justice Stephen Breyer did not decide broader legal questions raised in the case about whether a key provision in the law, which is formally called the Affordable Care Act, was unconstitutional and, if so, whether the rest of the statute should be struck down.
The provision, called the “individual mandate”, required Americans to obtain health insurance or pay a financial penalty.
It marked the third time the court has preserved Obamacare since its 2010 enactment.
President Joe Biden’s administration in February urged the Supreme Court to uphold Obamacare, reversing the position taken by the government under former President Donald Trump, who left office in January.
The ruling came in a lawsuit by Texas and 17 other Republican-governed states and later joined by Trump’s administration. A coalition of 20 states including Democratic-governed California and New York and the Democratic-controlled House of Representatives intervened in the case to try to preserve Obamacare after Trump refused to defend the law.
The two dissenting justices were conservatives Samuel Alito and Neil Gorsuch.
Republicans fiercely opposed Obamacare when it was proposed, failed to repeal it when they controlled both chambers of Congress and have been unsuccessful in getting courts to invalidate the law, which was Democratic former President Barack Obama’s signature domestic policy achievement. The Trump administration did take steps to hobble the law.
The Supreme Court has a 6-3 conservative majority bolstered by the October confirmation in a Republican-led Senate of Trump’s third appointee, Amy Coney Barrett, but the Republican Obamacare challengers still came away disappointed. The Supreme Court in 2012 and 2015 also fended off previous Republican challenges to Obamacare.
A demonstrator holding a sign in front of the US Supreme Court during arguments about the Affordable Care Act on Tuesday [File: Alex Brandon/AP Photo]
Biden has pledged to expand healthcare access and buttress Obamacare. Biden and other Democrats had criticised Republican efforts to strike down the law at a time when the US was grappling with a deadly coronavirus pandemic.
If Obamacare had been struck down, up to 20 million Americans stood to lose their medical insurance and insurers could have once again refused to cover people with pre-existing medical conditions. Obamacare expanded the Medicaid state-federal healthcare programme and created marketplaces for private insurance.
In 2017, Trump signed a Republican-backed tax law that eliminated the financial penalty under the individual mandate, which gave rise to the Republican lawsuit. The tax law meant the individual mandate could no longer be interpreted as a tax provision and was therefore unlawful, the Republican challengers argued.
The Supreme Court previously upheld Obamacare by deeming the financial penalty under the individual mandate a tax permissible under the Constitution’s language empowering Congress to levy taxes.
